The Romanians, who were in the direct path of the Soviet offensive, were therefore understrength and had only around six modern anti-tank guns per division. c Took command upon von Bock being relieved by Hitler 17 July. The Kuban region of the Caucasus also contained vast swaths of wheat, corn, sunflower seeds and sugar beets, all essential in the production of food. [95] In the winter of 1941/1942 the Soviets struck back in a series of counteroffensives, repelling the German threat to Moscow, and making it clear the campaign against the Soviets would become a long battle of attrition. He was now down to 232, of which only 129 were combat ready. It is great to see these original documents. [19], With the German thrust expected in the north, Stavka planned several local offensives in the south to weaken the Germans. Soviet resistance convinced Paulus that Sixth Army was not strong enough to cross the Don by itself, so he waited for Fourth Panzer Army to fight its way north. The Germans crossed the river on 2 September but made only slow progress. The Soviet command overestimated its capabilities and pushed its forces forward to the limit of its supply lines, which led to defeat at the Third Battle of Kharkov and left the Germans able to fight the Battle of Kursk.[7][8]. Paris Founded in 1999. [64][self-published source? In the north Kursk fell on 8February and Kharkiv on 16February after a German withdrawal, while in the south the Germans were pushed back to a line west of Voroshilovgrad. e KIA 3 October at Storoshewoje on the Middle Don. In the south, Soviet resistance repulsed the Fourth Panzer Army. [42] The German Seventeenth Army, along with elements of the Eleventh Army and the Romanian Third Army, manoeuvred west towards the east coast of the Black Sea, while the First Panzer Army attacked to the south-east. The German Sixth Army was continually delayed by fuel shortages. [69], Heavy street fighting in the destroyed city, The advance into Stalingrad against the defenders of the 62nd Army was carried out by the worn out forces of the Sixth Army, while Fourth Panzer Army secured the southern flank. [47] However, the mountain troops failed to secure the Black Sea ports, and the advance fell short of Grozny as logistical issues arose once more. [60] In the south, the First Panzer Army advance on Grozny was stopped by the Red Army and the 14th Air Army. Enter up to 375 characters to add a description to your widget: Copy and paste the HTML below into your website to make the above widget appear. [33] Despite this impressive performance in keeping the army mobile, Lhr was replaced by the more impetuous and offensive-minded von Richthofen.[34]. Syrmian Front by Jeff Leach 26 Feb 2014, 21:47, Post Blue, Operation World War II Also known as: "Fall Blau" Learn about this topic in these articles: Battle of Stalingrad In Battle of Stalingrad to achieve that end with Fall Blau ("Operation Blue"), a proposal that Hitler assessed and summarized in Fhrer Directive No. Yugoslav Front [76] The rapid German advance caused a slump in morale among the Soviet troops, who retreated in chaos, abandoning the outer defences of the city. [54] German mountain troops failed to secure the Black Sea ports and the advance fell short of Grozny as supply difficulties arose once more. This heavily industrialised area, which had a greater population density than New York State, contained some of the largest oilfields in the world. Despite these gains, the Sixth Army was not allowed to attempt to break out and link up, so this led to nothing. [87] During the German relief operation at Stalingrad, Soviet forces had been redeployed, lesser objectives substituted, and the operation renamed "Little Saturn". [66], The two-pronged ground attack on Stalingrad involved the Sixth Army advancing from the north (Kalach) and Fourth Panzer Army coming up from the south (Kotelnikovo). This victory earned the Romanian General the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross. [55] At the beginning of September, Hitler had a major argument with the High Command and specifically List, as he perceived the advance of the German forces as too slow. The by now highly confident Soviet command overestimated its capabilities and pushed its forces deep into the German lines, to the limit of its supply lines, which led to a severe defeat at Kharkov and gave the Germans the opportunity to mount another large strategic offensive. Shortly afterwards Pyatigorsk was taken. [63] On 5 November, Alagir was seized and the AlagirBeslanMalgobek line reached became the farthest German advance in the south. by Jeff Leach 27 Feb 2014, 09:02, Post From mid-September until early November the Germans made three big attacks on the city and ground forward in mutually-costly fighting. 2007. "WorldWar2.ro Romanian Armed Forces in the Second World War The 3rd Army in the Caucasus 1942", Stopped at Stalingrad: The Luftwaffe and Hitler's Defeat in the East, 19421943, "The Slovak Army: 1939 1945 Part 2: The Russian Campaign 1940 43", Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Case_Blue&oldid=1158105776, Battles and operations of World War II involving Hungary, Battles and operations of the SovietGerman War, Battles and operations of World War II involving Romania, Battles and operations of World War II involving Italy, Battles involving the Independent State of Croatia, Short description is different from Wikidata, Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images, Articles with unsourced statements from March 2021, Articles with self-published sources from January 2021, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2022, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. reorganized Army Group South into two smaller Army Groups, A and B; Javrishvili K., Battle of Caucasus: Case for Georgian Alpinists, Translated by Michael P. Willis, 2017. Soon both sides concentrated largely on the epic struggle for the city, making the Caucasus campaign a secondary theatre. The operations began simultaneously at the end of January. In the south, Army Group A captured Rostov on 23 July and swept south from the Don to the Caucasus, capturing the demolished oilfields at Maikop on 9 August and Elista on 13 August near the Caspian Sea coast. [39] With the Soviets often retreating instead of fighting, the number of captured Soviet troops fell short of expectations only 83,000 in all. On 22June 1941 the Germans began Operation Barbarossa with the intention of defeating the Soviets in a Blitzkrieg lasting only months. Indonesian National Revolution. Decisive Campaigns: Case Blue simulates the German drive to Stalingrad and into the Caucasus of the summer of 1942, as well as its May preludes (2nd Kharkov offensive, Operation Trappenjagd) and also the Soviet winter counter-offensive (Operation Uranus) that ended with the encirclement of 6th Army in Stalingrad. Operation Blue was the codename for the attack ordered by Adolf Hitler on the Soviet Union's oil fields in the Caucasus region in 1942. To ease the situation, the Luftwaffe sent an ad-hoc force of 300 Ju 52s, enabling the German Army to forge ahead. On 5April 1942, Hitler laid out the key elements of the plan now known as "Case Blue" (Fall Blau) in Fhrer Directive No. [37] In the south, Fourth Panzer Army made better progress against the Soviet 51st Army. [11] Aware of his declining oil resources and fearful of enemy air attacks on RomaniaGermany's only source of crude oilHitler's strategy was increasingly driven by the need to protect Romania and acquire new resources, essential if he wanted to continue waging a prolonged war against a growing list of enemies. Eastern Romania Heavy Soviet resistance convinced Paulus that the Sixth Army was not strong enough to cross the Don by itself, so he waited for Fourth Panzer Army to fight its way north. Leyte The situation remained difficult with German troops forced to recover fuel from damaged or abandoned vehicles, and in some cases, leave behind tanks and vehicles with heavy fuel consumption to continue their advance. [62] On 4August, the Germans were still 97 kilometres (60mi) from Stalingrad. [37], With air support from the Ju 87s of Sturzkampfgeschwader 77, List's Army Group A recaptured Rostov, the "gate to the Caucasus", on 23 July 1942 relatively easily. In the winter of 194142, the Soviets struck back in a series of successful counteroffensives, pushing back the German threat to Moscow. Soviet occupations [53], German Gebirgsjger operating a 2 cm anti-aircraft gun in the Central Caucasus near Teberda, September 1942, Local attacks still proved successful. Hong Kong There are lots of documents on the Dnjepr Crossing but I don't know which stage of the planning that these documents come from. by William Russ 25 Feb 2014, 01:12, Post Here's a look at some of the biggest Supreme Court cases Paxton has been involved with recently: Lost: Paxton vs. blue states in battle over 2020 election. The Soviets, determined to defend the oil fields there, dug in the 9th and 44th Armies of the North Transcaucasian Front along the rocky Terek River bank in front (north) of the city. by Der Alte Fritz 27 Feb 2014, 11:09, Post Army Group A was tasked with crossing the Caucasus mountains to reach the Baku oil fields, while Army Group B protected its flanks along the Volga. [57], In November, after several unsuccessful Soviet counterattacks, the Germans decided to remain on the defensive, waiting for the spring of 1943 to resume the offensive if the Stalingrad operations proved successful. Liziukov, managed to achieve some minor successes when it began its attack on 6July, but was forced back to its starting positions by 15July, losing about half of its tanks in the process. Both groups had to achieve their objectives simultaneously, instead of consecutively. [7][8], On 22June 1941, Germany launched Operation Barbarossa with the intention of defeating the Soviet Union in a quick offensive which was expected to last only 3 months. Narva b Not all of those tanks were serviceable at the beginning of the offensive, as tanks were in repair, already engaged in combat, refitting, or not present at the frontline. [63] By 10August, the Red Army had largely been cleared from the western bank of the Don River but Soviet resistance continued in some areas, further delaying Army Group B's eastward offensive. The OstrogozhskRossosh Offensive, launched on 12-13January, destroyed large parts of the Second Hungarian Army and the remnants of Eighth Italian Army at the Don southeast of Voronezh. Tannenberg Line 45: There is no evidence Hitler was opposed by, or received complaints from Franz Halder, the Chief of the General Staff, or anyone else, about the directive until August 1942. This page was last edited on 2 June 2023, at 00:57. [64][self-published source? Fourth Air Fleet was in poor shape by this time von Richthofen had begun Case Blue with 323 serviceable bombers out of a total of 480. Hoth continued his drive and von Weichs ordered the Sixth Army to complete the encirclement, but a strong Soviet counterattack held up its advance for three vital days, enabling Soviet forces in the salient to escape and fall back towards Stalingrad. Only the city of Kursk and the Kuban region remained tentatively occupied by Axis troops. Iraq Inexplicably the Italian Alpine Corps, of the Italian Army in Russia, did not arrive in the Caucasus Mountains with Army Group A, instead remaining with Paulus' Sixth Army. year -- - - A symbol with a 3D shadow indicates a clickable, active ("hot") link - - - The pages of this site are best viewed using Times New Roman or a similar serif font. Who: In preparation for Operation (Case) Blue (German, Fall Blau), Army Group South of the German Army was subdivided into Army Groups A and B. 227- "Not a step back!". Germany was forced to withdraw some 800 kilometres back to a new battle about 100 kilometres west of the city of Kursk. Manila Any opposition to his fluctuating plans simply led to dismissal by Hitler, who interfered more and more in the command process. Believing that the main Soviet threat had been eliminated, desperately short of oil and needing to meet all the ambitious objectives of Case Blue, Hitler made a series of changes to the plan in Fhrer Directive No. This withdrawal set the pace for Operation Citadel in the summer of 1943, which was unsuccessful, and resulted in a permanent swing of fortunes in the Soviets' favour for the remainder of the war. Operation Fall Blau - Prelude to Stalingrad - June 28, 1942 Plan "Blau" (German: Fall Blau or Unternehmen Blau - "Blue Option", "Operation Blau") (June 28 - November 24, 1942) - part of the strategic plan of Nazi Germany during the summer-autumn German offensive in the southern direction of the East front during the Second World War. f Surrendered remains of Sixth Army at Stalingrad 31 January 1943. 227 "Not a step back!". 60, list of Red Air Force. Technology It contained the Red Air Force, through air superiority operations, and provided interdiction through attacks on airfields and Soviet defence lines. Best Case Scenario Green does fit the mold physically for a cornerback, and if some of the cornerbacks on the team don't perform well early in the summer, he has a chance to become a feel-good story. The numbers on the right are the regiments, so your reading is correct. Lacking aircover and flak units, the Soviet bombers were able to harass and slow the German advance. Due to a chaotic Soviet retreat, the Germans were able to advance rapidly, restoring Wehrmacht confidence for the upcoming major offensive. World War II Armed Forces Orders of Battle and Organizations: Last Updated 27.12.2016: Fall Blau, German Army. [80][87], East Africa [55], In the first week of October 1942, Hitler came to recognise that the capture of the Caucasus oil fields was unlikely before the Russian Winter forced the German forces to take up winter positions. Manganese deposits at Chiatura, in Transcaucasia, formed the richest single source in the world, yielding 1.5million tons of manganese ore annually, half of the Soviet Union's total production. Popular user-defined tags for this product: 2 Curators have reviewed this product. 28 June 1942 . The attack fell on Eighth Italian Army and the remnants of Third Romanian Army, and led to the destruction of most of Eighth Army. Sign in to add this item to your wishlist, follow it, or mark it as ignored. By late September and into early October, logistics breakdowns and heavy resistance meant the Axis were barely moving. Operation Blue was to fail when the Sixth Army was effectively destroyed at the Battle of Stalingrad. Operation Blue Operation Blue by William Russ 26 Feb 2014, 17:57, Post [22] On 12August, Krasnodar was captured and German mountain troops hoisted the Nazi flag on the highest mountain of the Caucasus, Mount Elbrus. [63], The stubborn Soviet defence at the Don River forced the Germans to commit more and more troops to an increasingly vulnerable front, leaving little in the way of reserves to back up the Axis divisions on either flank. Nevertheless, despite the destruction of Sixth Army, the Soviets only caused the Heer to retreat from their advance towards the Caucasus, further delaying the final decision on the Eastern Front. As in Barbarossa, these movements were expected to result in a series of grand encirclements of Soviet troops. Filter reviews by the user's playtime when the review was written: When enabled, off-topic review activity will be filtered out. [72] The Soviet defence at the Don forced the Germans to commit more and more troops to an increasingly vulnerable front, leaving few reserves to back up the Axis divisions on either flank. Case Blue (German language: Fall Blau), later renamed Operation Braunschweig, was the German Armed Forces' (Wehrmacht) name for its plan for the 1942 strategic summer offensive in southern Russia between 28 June and 24 November 1942. The German offensive commenced on 28June 1942, with Fourth Panzer Army starting its drive towards Voronezh. [61], On 23July the main body of Army Group B started its advance toward the Don River. It is the summer of 1942 on the Eastern Front, and Case Blue is about to begin. These OOBs were among the corps records and only noticed them because of your interest. These and several other bridgeheads across the Don River, opposed by Eighth Italian and Second Hungarian Armies, would cause major difficulties for the Germans in the future.[43]. Romanian Army losses were particularly high with the Romanian 3rd Mountain Division nearly wiped out by a Soviet counter-attack on 2526September. [27] Although the army group made a quick advance, by 3 August the vanguard comprised only light mobile forces and most of the tanks lagged behind, due to lack of fuel and supply breakdowns, despite the efforts of 4th Air Corps, which flew in supplies around the clock. h Captured at Stalingrad 31 January 1943, died in captivity 9 February 1944. Despite those heavy blows, Manstein's forces, fighting a vigorous defense campaign, were not cut off and prepared for an own counteroffensive, which would lead to the Third Battle of Kharkov and the stabilisation of the front. Anything helps to build up a picture of the deployment of these units. Sevastopol At times, the German air arm acted as a spearhead rather than a support force, ranging on ahead of the tanks and infantry to disrupt and destroy defensive positions. Of the three million tons of oil Germany consumed per year, 85 per cent was imported- mainly from the United States, Venezuela and Iran. [58], Further east, the Axis enjoyed greater success and on 1 September, the Germans took Khulkhuta[ru] (), halfway between Elista and Astrakhan. [10][11], The Caucasus, a large, culturally diverse region traversed by its eponymous mountains, is bounded by the Black Sea to the west and the Caspian Sea to the east. Espaol - Latinoamrica (Spanish - Latin America), Decisive Campaigns: The Blitzkrieg from Warsaw to Paris, 4 campaign scenarios: Case Blue (Long and Short), Operation Uranus, 2nd Kharkov-Trappenjagd, 1 linked scenario campaign (1st Panzer Army), 2 small scenarios (2nd Kharkov and Drive on Voronezh), New rewritten and greatly improved AI Full scenario editor, Well-researched historical simulation High Command rules, including no step back and dismissal options, Historical and dynamic Order of Battle, including player requests for replacements and reinforcement units, Create new divisions and HQs, rebuild lost regiments, change divisional types Logistical Centers to boost your supply network, Historical Officer pool and ability to change field commanders, More than 25 different historical Officer Actions, Axis Minors fully represented with separate national morale and command rules, Expanded weather with mud and winter seasons and frozen rivers, Improved modeling of river effects on supply and different river types, Airfield overcrowding rules and realistic intercept rules, Improved naval transport loading and unloading rules, Oil reserves can be depleted and impact your mechanized and air operations and readiness, Special rules for Guards, partisans, worker militias and Cossacks, Many different troop, equipment, and vehicle types for each side with realistic detailed statistics and artwork. q The Seventeenth Army of Army Group A stayed in the Kuban bridgehead. Romania - 89% of the 46 user reviews for this game are positive. Logistics lines were already at breaking point with ammunition and fuel shortages most apparent and it would be impossible to advance using the conservative supply rates he demanded. Stalin and the Soviet command still expected the main German thrust in the north against Moscow, and believed the Germans would turn north after Voronezh to threaten the capital. The German advance from 7 May to 18 November 1942. [27] With Army Group B unable to hold the Volga line, Soviet offensives almost cut off Army Group A in the Caucasus and it was forced to withdraw. Neptune All trademarks are property of their respective owners in the US and other countries. ], In the first week of October 1942, Hitler came to recognise that the capture of the Caucasus oil fields was unlikely before winter, which forced the Germans to take up defensive positions. Schramm (1963), p. 65. and Hayward (2001), p. 174. 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