This helps scientists come up with projections for what Earth will be like as global warming continues. C: carbon: CO: carbon monoxide: CH 4: methane: cm: centimeters: CO 2 . Contribution of working group I to the sixth assessment report for the Intergovernmental Panel on climate change. Bali action plan A plan drawn up at the UN Climate Change Conference in Bali, in December 2007, forming part of the Bali roadmap. Proposals to intervene in the climate system generally fall . Carbon capture is sometimes referred to as geological sequestration. Climate change 2021: The physical science basis. Their combined emissions, averaged out during the 2008-2012 period, should be 5.2% below 1990 levels. Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. The Kyoto Protocol uses a baseline year of 1990. With the UN climate talks coming up quickly, its important to understand climate science basics. Biodiversity is important to maintain a healthy environment (such as in pollination of plants and continuing the nutrient cycle), but we humans depend on biodiversity as well for medicines, food, and the joy we get from seeing flourishing plants and animals. A CER may be earned by participating in emission reduction programmes - installing green technology, or planting forests - in developing countries. The UNFCCC aims to prevent "dangerous" human interference with the climate system. This includes reducing greenhouse gas emissions by switching to renewable power, or capturing greenhouse gases from the atmosphere by planting forests. The process would be net zero if the amount taken out and the amount released were identical. Burning fossil fuelslike coal and oil to produce energyis where the majority of greenhouse gases originate. It is the name for the annual UN negotiations on climate change under what is called the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (see UNFCCC). Topic: Conversations regarding climate change, the environment, and sustainability research. People may be confused by freezing winter disasters if Earths temperature is gradually rising. The process would be carbon neutral if the amount taken out and the amount released were identical. How many Russians have left during war - and who are they? These gases allow much of the solar radiation to enter the atmosphere, where the energy strikes the Earth and warms the surface. For example, growing biomass takes CO2 out of the atmosphere, while burning it releases the gas again, The process would be carbon neutral if the amount taken out and the amount released were identical. With world leaders from 195 countries negotiating to reach a global agreement to reduce carbon emissions, expansive news and media coverage is guaranteed. It entered into force on 21 March 1994 and has been ratified by 192 countries. The JI is a flexible and cost-efficient way of fulfilling Kyoto agreements while also encouraging foreign investment and technology transfer. These gases cause heat to be trapped in the atmosphere, slowly increasing the Earths temperature over time. Climate Change Research is focused in the following areas: Intervention - Research is developing ways that communities and individuals can take action to address the immediate climate threats created by wildfires, floods, droughts and other extreme events, with a focus on the most vulnerable and underserved populations. Ocean acidification The ocean absorbs approximately one-fourth of man-made CO2 from the atmosphere, which helps to reduce adverse climate change effects. The gases are then injected into deep underground reservoirs. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Clean coal technology is unlikely to be widely available for at least a decade. As a dictionary, we use this date as an opportunity to document and describe the changing language surrounding climate changebut we should discuss climate change every day of the year, too! Feedback loop In a feedback loop, rising temperatures on the Earth change the environment in ways that affect the rate of warming. It is also found in fuels like petrol, coal and natural gas, and when burned, is emitted as a gas called carbon dioxide. Annex II Countries which have a special obligation under the Kyoto Protocol to provide financial resources and transfer technology to developing countries. Join us once again as we explore some more words used in the discussion of climate change. This document has been published in the Federal Register. Undergraduate vs. Graduate: Educate Yourself On The Difference, The Words You Need To Know To Talk About Climate Change Today, The Ordovician-silurian Extinction (440 million years ago), The Devonian Extinction (365 million years ago), The Permian-triassic Extinction (250 million years ago). Sustainability means consuming the planet's resources at a rate at which they can be replenished. It represents the first of two volumes of the Fourth National Climate Assessment, mandated by the Global Change Research Act of 1990. . Your IP: Unsurprisingly, the changing climate has produced a slew of new expressions that show the myriad ways climate and climate change affect our lives. Bilateral climate-related ODA by region. These shifts may be natural, such as through variations in the solar cycle. Sources include both the natural world (wetlands, termites, wildfires) and human activity (agriculture, waste dumps, leaks from coal mining). Scientists predict that extreme weather will become more common as the world becomes warmer. The five renewable sources used most often are: biomass (such as wood and biogas), the movement of water, geothermal (heat from within the earth), wind, and solar. Net zero processes or manufactured items are sometimes also describbed as being 'carbon neutral'. Flexible mechanism Instruments that help countries and companies meet emission reduction targets by paying others to reduce emissions for them. The Kyoto Protocol establishes two flexible mechanisms enabling rich countries to fund emission reduction projects in developing countries - Joint Implementation (JI) and the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM). Its all about timing when it comes to differentiating weather and climate. Because it is on this list, you shouldnt be surprised to learn that scientists trace sea-level rise to climate change through melting ice sheets and thermal expansion. It is the principal greenhouse gas produced by human activity. VideoA rare insight into Hitler's private life, Why the city that never sleeps is slowly sinking. 2023 BBC. Which leads to another common question: what is the difference between weather and climate? Renewable energy Renewable energy is energy created from sources that can be replenished in a short period of time. The 1998 agreement divided the burden unequally amongst member states, taking into account national conditions, including greenhouse gas emissions at the time, the opportunity for reducing them, and countries' levels of economic development. According to the EPA, Global Warming Potential is a measure of the total energy that a gas absorbs over a particular period of time (usually 100 years), compared to carbon dioxide. Bali roadmap A plan drawn up at the UN Climate Change Conference in Bali, in December 2007, to pave the way for an agreement at Copenhagen in 2009 on further efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions after the expiry of the Kyoto Protocol. Need abbreviation of Climate Change? Business as usual A scenario used for projections of future emissions assuming no action, or no new action, is taken to mitigate the problem. It includes the effects of altered temperature and precipitation on the. The long-term trend continues upwards with 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 being the warmest years on record. The term is used broadly and can include acts, decrees and policies that are passed or promulgated by both legislative and executive branches of government. Motivated in part by concerns of climate change, the number of EVs on the road has increased dramatically in the past decade from under 20,000EVs worldwide in 2010 to nearly 7.2 million in 2019. The biggest carbon sinks are the world's oceans and forests, which absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide from the Earth's atmosphere. The forum is a modification of the Major Economies Meeting started by the former President George Bush, which was seen by some countries as an attempt to undermine UN negotiations. They dispute the work of many thousands of experts around the world, whose research has been peer-reviewed and published and is based on research stretching back more than a century. Normally refers to energy sources such as biomass (such as wood and biogas), the flow of water, geothermal (heat from within the earth), wind, and solar. Published Document. Geo-engineering is any technology which could be used to halt or even reverse climate change. Floodwaters pile up on land adjacent to the Yazoo River near Yazoo City, Miss. Unlike greenhouse gases, which trap infrared radiation that is already in the Earth's atmosphere, these particles absorb all wavelengths of sunlight and then re-emit this energy as infrared radiation. Global warming is an increase in the Earths average surface temperature from human-made greenhouse gas emissions. Climate-change ecology is the study of the effects of anthropogenic climate change on any aspect of ecology. Both of these consequences of climate change are accelerating sea-level rise around the world, putting millions of people who live in coastal communities at risk. Current sea levels are about 20cm higher on average than they were in 1900. A fuel derived from renewable, biological sources, including crops such as maize, palm oil and sugar cane, and some forms of agricultural waste. Pyrocene is another commonly suggested term, as it refers to both humanitys use of fire (pyro means fire) to change Earths climate and the destructive megafires (more on them later) caused by climate change. The current level is around 380ppm. Anthropogenic means caused or produced by humans. According to the overwhelming scientific consensus, the alarming rate of climate change we are seeing is anthropogenic. Global warming The steady rise in global average temperature in recent decades, which experts believe is largely caused by man-made greenhouse gas emissions. These gases are also potent greenhouse gases, contributing to global warming. Read about our approach to external linking. Describes how the climate change may suddenly change after passing a 'tipping point', making it even harder to stop or reverse. It can also refer to the capture and storage of CO2 produced by industry. Cloudflare Ray ID: 7d20bd05bbb23ae2 Ocean acidification can decrease the ability of marine organisms to build their shells and skeletal structures and kill off coral reefs, with serious effects for people who rely on them as fishing grounds. Climate scientists and activists use the term to describe the concentration of pollutants, like carbon dioxide or methane, in the atmosphere. LDCs Least Developed Countries represent the poorest and weakest countries in the world. Examples range from extracting carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and storing it underground, to more far-fetched ideas such as deploying vast mirrors in space to deflect the Sun's rays. Stern review A report on the economics of climate change led by Lord Nicholas Stern, a former World Bank economist. These unexpected weather patterns can make it difficult to maintain and grow crops in regions that rely . Adaptation Action that helps cope with the effects of climate change - for example construction of barriers to protect against rising sea levels, or conversion to crops capable of surviving high temperatures and drought. 2004. Ecoanxiety is anxiety caused by a dread of environmental perils, especially climate change, and a feeling of helplessness over the potential consequences for those living now and even more so for later generations. The best-developed example is the EU's trading scheme, launched in 2005. Members of Aosis are some of the countries likely to be hit hardest by global warming. Global dimming An observed widespread reduction in sunlight at the surface of the Earth, which varies significantly between regions. There are several actions that could trigger this block including submitting a certain word or phrase, a SQL command or malformed data. The terms we have collected here should provide you with many informed entry points into the prevalent discussions going on today surrounding climate change. Its report in 2018 warned that the rise in global temperatures should be limited to 1.5C to avoid dangerous impacts, Describes how climate change may suddenly get worse after passing a "tipping point", making it even harder to stop or reverse, In 2018, the IPCC said that global emissions must be reduced by 45% by 2030, and to net zero by 2050 to have a 50% chance of limiting temperature rises to 1.5C this century. Sign up for writing inspiration in your email. Cap and trade An emission trading scheme whereby businesses or countries can buy or sell allowances to emit greenhouse gases via an exchange. In the 1980s and 1990s, industrial gases called chlorofluorocarbons (or CFCs) were banned because they damaged the ozone layer. A company or country can also achieve net zero by means of carbon offsetting. While the weather is always changing, especially over the short term, climate is the average of weather patterns over a longer period of time (usually 30 or more years). This is a list of abbreviations relating to climate change causation, adaptation and mitigation. Year on year, sea levels are presently going up by just over 3mm. Mega- is a combining form used as a prefix to mean large or great.As of early 2021, the southwestern United States is experiencing a severe megadrought that scientists say is the first ever to be caused by human-induced climate change. They do not have binding emission reduction targets. The term sea-level rise, or its variants such as relative sea-level rise or global sea-level rise, might be more familiar to you than the other terms on this list, but you may not know exactly what it means. Global average temperature is a long-term look at the Earths temperature, usually over the course of 30 years, on land and sea. Tipping point A tipping point is a threshold for change, which, when reached, results in a process that is difficult to reverse. It is the principal greenhouse gas produced by human activity. More powerful storms that cause changes in the patterns and amount of rainfall are degrading water quality through runoff of pollutants such as nitrogen. EV is a common abbreviation for electric vehicle. Global warming is an increase in the Earth's average surface temperature from human-made greenhouse gas emissions. G77 The main negotiating bloc for developing countries, allied with China (G77+China). The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Weather refers to atmospheric conditions in the short term, including changes in temperature, humidity, precipitation, cloudiness, brightness, wind, and visibility. In 2018, the IPCC said that global emissions must be reduced by 45% by 2030, and to net zero by 2050 to have 50% chance of limiting temperature rises to 1.5C this century. Some countries prefer to use later baselines. ISO4 Abbreviation of Climatic Change. Global Warming Potential (GWP) A measure of a greenhouse gas's ability to absorb heat and warm the atmosphere over a given time period. It allows passengers to pay extra to help compensate for the carbon emissions produced from their flight. For example, growing biomass takes CO2 out of the atmosphere, while burning it releases the gas again. The word carbon appears in many terms related to climate change: Biodiversity is diversity among and within plant and animal species in an environment. Climate plays a huge role in the lives of all living things, including us. However, when the CO2 dissolves in seawater, carbonic acid is formed. Global warming is an informal term used to describe climate change caused by humans. Extreme weather is any type of unusual, severe or unseasonal weather. It says scientists are 95% certain that humans are the "dominant cause" of global warming since the 1950s. See also Natural greenhouse effect. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation, See guidelines for writing about climate change, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Climate_change_acronyms&oldid=1142828307, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 March 2023, at 16:03. Carbon offsetting A way of compensating for emissions of CO2 by participating in, or funding, efforts to take CO2 out of the atmosphere. A prediction of the likely rise in average temperature by 2100 if no further action is taken. Dictionary.com Dad Joke Contest: Why Did The Dictionary Cross The Road? For example, variations in the amount of snow, sea levels, and sea ice can all be consequences of climate change. Types of renewable energy such as solar or wind power are described as sustainable, while using wood from managed forests where trees are replanted according to how many are cut down is another example. Certified Emission Reduction (CER) A greenhouse gas trading credit, under the UN Clean Development Mechanism programme. As you will soon discover, the term climate change refers to much more than Earth getting warmer. The Other Meaning Of Easter Eggs: Coded Messages And Hidden Treats, What Is AGI? It occurs naturally and is also a by-product of human activities such as burning fossil fuels. The current global climate system must adjust to rising greenhouse gas levels and, in the very long term, the Earth must get rid of energy at the same rate at which it receives energy from the sun. This is why even the parts of Brazil with a humid and rainy tropical climate can (rarely) have snowy weather on a given day. The amount of carbon emitted by an individual or organisation in a given period of time, or the amount of carbon emitted during the manufacture of a product, A process where there is no net release of CO2. It is produced by human activity from agriculture cows emit large amounts as well as waste dumps and leaks from coal mining. Methane Methane is the second most important man-made greenhouse gas. Learn our top climate terms below. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. Here, a historic global agreement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions is on the table and, if passed, will mark a landmark achievement in the fight against climate change. CFCs The short name for chlorofluorocarbons - a family of gases that have contributed to stratospheric ozone depletion, but which are also potent greenhouse gases. If you haven't heard about COP21 yet, it's a big meeting of bureaucrats from 195 nations happening between November 30 and December 11 in Paris, where they'll discuss the current impact of. Anthropogenic climate change Man-made climate change - climate change caused by human activity as opposed to natural processes. 50 Definitive Words. The correct abbreviation for abstracting and indexing purposes is Nat. Anthropocene is an unofficial term for the epoch of time in which humanity has affected Earths climate (anthropomeans human and -cenerefers to geological periods). FDA-2023-N-2079. These levels are estimated to be about 280 parts per million (by volume). This year marks the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP 21), which will be held in Paris beginning November 30. Biofuel A fuel derived from renewable, biological sources, including crops such as maize and sugar cane, and some forms of waste. The gas can then be reused, or injected into deep underground reservoirs. For example, growing biomass takes CO2 out of the atmosphere, while burning it releases the gas again. The models do not produce exact predictions, but instead suggest ranges of possible outcomes. Just like carbon dioxide, methane is a greenhouse gas that traps heat in the atmosphere. Whats the difference between these weather events: typhoons, hurricanes, and cyclones? Natural and human-produced gases that trap heat in the atmosphere and warm the surface. 1.5 pathway The term 1.5 pathway refers to a potential future temperature of the Earth, according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Describes how the climate may suddenly change after passing a tipping point, making it even harder to stop or reverse. Pre-industrial levels of carbon dioxide refers to carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere prior to the start of the Industrial Revolution. The latest of these is the Paris Agreement of 2015 which set the targets of limiting warming to 2C or 1.5C if possible. Countries in transition to a market economy are grouped with industrialised countries in Annex I of the Kyoto Protocol, so they have emission reduction commitments to meet in the 2008-2012 period. The strong trends in climate change already evident, the likelihood of further changes occurring, and the increasing scale of potential climate impacts give urgency to addressing agricultural adaptation more coherently. As the Arctic sea-ice melts, the surface changes from being a bright reflective white to a darker blue or green, which allows more of the Suns rays to be absorbed. How the Pakistani military feel about Imran Khan. Many people use these two terms interchangeably, but we think its important to acknowledge their differences. For example, growing biomass takes CO2 out of the atmosphere, while burning it releases the gas again. Can sci-fi films teach us anything about an AI threat? According to the IPCC, we are projected to exceed a 2C (3.6F) rise in global temperatures compared to pre-industrial levels. Stands for 'Bio Energy with Carbon Capture and Storage'. All About the NDCs First, what's an NDC? If youre looking specifically for terms to describe extreme and unpredictable weather, visit our compilation of weather words. Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. by planting trees or managing forests), or by reducing emissions (i.e. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. One major use of ISO 4 is to abbreviate the names of scientific journals. CCCS - Centre for Climate Change Studies, CC:iNet - Climate Change Information Network, CINC - Interdepartmental Committee of Climate Negotiators, CMA1.2 - The second part of the first session of the Conference of the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (6-17 November 2017), CMA1.3 - The third part of the first session of the Conference of the meeting of the Parties to the Paris Agreement (2-14 December 2018), CMIP5 - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5, CMP - Conference of the Parties Serving as the Meeting of Parties to the, COP6-bis - Resumed Session of COP6 (16-27 July 2001), COP28 - 28th UNFCCC Conference of the Parties, scheduled for November 2023 in the United Arab Emirates, COP29 - 29th UNFCCC Conference of the Parties, 2024, proposed venue is Australia, COP30 - anticipated 2025 UNFCCC Conference of the Parties, CREWS - Climate Risk and Early Warning Systems, CRU TS - Climatic Research Unit Time Series datasets, HadGEM - Hadley Centre Global Environmental Model, LECBP - Low Emission Capacity Building Programme, LEDS - Low-Emission Development Strategies, NECIA - Northeast Climate Impacts Assessment (USA), NRSP - National Reports Submission Portal, P-CAN - Place-based Climate Action Networks, a UK-based partnership between university researchers and the public, private and third sectors in tackling climate change, aiming to accelerate and sustain the transition to a, PCD X - Petersberg Climate Dialogue 10 (13-14 May 2019), SB 52 - Fifty-second session of the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA 52) and the fifty-second session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI 52) (postponed to 2021), SB 56 - the Bonn Climate Change Conference, 56th session of the subsidiary bodies, held on 6 to 16 June 2022, SBI 46 - Forth-sixth session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (8-18 May 2017), SBI 47 - Forty-seventh session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (6-15 November 2017), SBI 52 - Fifty-second session of the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (postponed to 2021), TCFD - Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures, tCO2 - Tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent, TFI - Task Force on National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, This page was last edited on 14 February 2023, at 21:38. Kyoto Protocol A protocol attached to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, which sets legally binding commitments on greenhouse gas emissions. Country in transition Broadly speaking, any ex-Soviet bloc state. Read about our approach to external linking. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. The World Meteorological Organization (WMO) and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) established the IPCC in 1988. These generally have a cooling affect on the planet and can mask global warming. Hockey stick The name given to a graph published in 1998 plotting the average temperature in the Northern hemisphere over the last 1,000 years. Carbon dioxide (CO2) Carbon dioxide is a gas in the Earth's atmosphere. 4 popular forms of Abbreviation for Climate Change updated in 2023 REDD stands for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation. Some scientists say geo-engineering may prove essential because not enough is being done to reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. It is very likely that sea-level rise could cause extensive damage and destruction to coastal cities and infrastructure. The phrase was introduced by the 1992 UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, which aims to prevent "dangerous" human interference with the climate system. Click to reveal Climate change legislation, often abbreviated to climate legislation, consists of the laws and policies that govern action on climate change by setting its legal basis. Atmospheric aerosols Microscopic particles suspended in the lower atmosphere that reflect sunlight back to space. When CO2 is injected into declining oil fields it can help to recover more of the oil. The amount of sea-ice in the Arctic is seen as a key indicator of climate trends because the region is warming faster than most other locations on Earth. Two of the most impactful are: one, by burning fossil fuels and adding more carbon dioxide into the atmosphere; and two, by affecting the ability of natural sinks (like forests) to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Many government agencies and scientific organizations, such as NASA, are trying to research ways to mitigate climate change by reducing carbon emissions. So this week were breaking down climate science to its most basic key terms and phrases to help you better grasp whats going on in the world with climate change, both at the UN climate talks and beyond. Their differences about an AI threat to climate change caused by humans submitting certain. Into deep underground reservoirs and 2018 being the warmest years on record which experts believe is caused... 5.2 % below 1990 levels sometimes also describbed as being 'carbon neutral ' change we projected. Rate at which they can be replenished in a feedback loop, rising temperatures the! 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