residential smart water meter

doi: 10.3390/su13116440, Kowalski, M., and Marshallsay, D. (2005). The Significance of hedonic values for environmentally relevant attitudes, preferences, and actions. Adoption of sustainable technologies: a mixed-methods study of German households. What's next? 29, 457473. Urban Water J. The proportion of respondents with water meters was comparable to that of the general population in the UK (~50%). Build. The service requires full cookie support in order to view this website. Prog. One variable Sum of water saving devices was removed from the model due to a multicollinearity issue, as it was strongly correlated with the sum of smart devices.. Younger age groups (1834) were more likely to agree to third party access to data than respondents over the age of 50, noting that the maximum mean value (x = 1.92) was below 2.0 which represented a neutral response position. Those with either a conventional analog meter or no meter were more likely to accept a smart meter if it saved them money. Thames Water. These meters have no moving parts and present advanced data points, including consumption, rate of flow, reverse-flow and temperature and pressure alarms. Installs in Minutes, No Plumbing Required. Using data from a national survey of the public in the UK, this article aims to explore attitudes and perceptions toward SWEMs that provide information on micro-component household water use. The survey respondents were asked to complete several demographic questions such as: age, gender, highest educational level, location of residence (UK region) and household tenure and composition (including the number of people and the presence of young people under 18). 9, 171176. (2000). Res. Saving water in cities: assessing policies for residential water demand management in four cities in Europe. Funding Approaches for Leakage Reduction. 2022 Badger Meter, Inc. All rights reserved. The decision to simplify the analysis to binary rather than multinomial regression was guided by the sample size and, also, because the binary results highlighted the same patterns as the multinomial analysis. Market. All Residential Water Meters & Sub-meters, Wireless & Remote Water Meter Reading Systems, Multi-jet Hot and Cold Water Meter 3/4" Economy Series, Digital Water Meter - Totalizer and Flow Rate DM Series, Residential Water Meter No Lead - WM Series, Economy, Multi-jet Hot and Cold Water Meters for Vertical or Horizontal Installation, PEX adapters with valves for Water Meters, ME-T Turbine Water Meters - Cold and Hot - Flanged, Lead Free Bronze Verticale Z plate Strainer, Alternatives for a Neptune T10 Direct Read Water Meter. Talk to our experts and find out how you can take advantage of solutions that are available now. Household smart water metering in Spain: insights from the experience of remote meter reading in alicante. Available online at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/872760/Appendix_1_Modelling_approach_and_assumptions_made.pdf. 50, 73487358. Work will be performed outside from 8am-5pm. (2019). After exploring multinomial logistic regression, we settled on binary logistic regression to analyse the survey data. doi: 10.25300/MISQ/2019/12112. They partner with utilities and energy cooperatives located throughout the United States to build, inspect, maintain and upgrade the nation's utility infrastructure. Soc. Davies, K., Doolan, C., van den Honert, R., and Shi, R. (2014). 5, 145150. Advanced metering technology enables the wireless transmission of water meter readings directly to the City of Lafayette from regional collectors located on existing water tanks and towers. Sustainability 7, 42404259. Check here for the latest versions. Clim. Kennedy, E. H., Beckley, T. M., McFarlane, B. L., and Nadeau, S. (2009). Water Environ. doi: 10.1007/s11269-018-2176-1, March, H., Morote, . F., Rico, A. M., and Saur, D. (2017). Water 12, 126. Leaks in metering zones (DMA) are detected immediately, reducing material losses: Increased customer satisfaction and awareness: decreased interruption of customer water supply and greater billing accuracy. Water consumption is calculated, and consumers are charged for water use in advance. doi: 10.1126/science.aaf7160, Ratchford, M., and Barnhart, M. (2012). Change 78, 227255. Efficient metering, precise calculation of water consumption and accurate billing for residential, commercial and industrial consumers. SWEMs are one possible measure for improving demand management practices, to which this study has provided further evidence to help coalesce the challenges and opportunities associated with such technology. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.10.027, Gao, L., and Bai, X. They feature usage logging, graphical views of the data, leak & freeze alerts, automatic reporting, etc. Moreover, proponents need to be conscious of some skepticism within the British public with regards to the motivations of the privatized water companies (Buchanan et al., 2016). Available online at: www.gov.uk/defra, Arnell, N. W.. (2004). (2021) showed that aware and committed respondents were more supportive of water utilities investing in smart water meters. Following this, respondents were asked how satisfied they were with their household's water services and if they have a water meter (either conventional analog or smart) in their residence. They look very similar to a multi-jet meter on the outside, but the internals are completely different. (2015). We explored the variation in responses (Table 2) based on the demographic and household categories. Water for cities: the impact of climate change and demographic growth in the tropical Andes. Overall, nearly half of the respondents (47.3%) said they would accept a smart water event meter in their residence if given the choice (42.5% said maybe and 10.2% said no). Discovering Statistics Using IBM SPSS Statistics, 3rd Edn. HS reviewed the article and provided additional input. The third perspective referred to water as an essential human right that should be accessible to every person on the planet and not only for households who pay for their water consumption. ORIONCellular endpoints provide utilities with a reliable Network as a Service (NaaS) solution. J. Syst. Meta-principles for developing smart, sustainable, and healthy cities. doi: 10.1016/S1462-0758(00)00047-9, Creative EC (2019). Bluetooth Will Revolutionize Industrial IoT, How Companies Are Leveraging Microsoft Azures IoT Hub, How to Effectively Monitor Utility Usage With IoT for Maximum ROI, I Scored 3rd at the Azure AI Hackathon With an IoT Smart Water Meter, Smart Meters Significant Inaccuracies Discovered, Modernizing Monitoring And Manual Data Entry For Water And Wastewater. Whilst the evidence for the longer-term impacts of smart water meters on household consumption is mixed, the potential benefits of smart metering extend beyond the household to water companies and environmental regulators who can draw on the higher quality, detailed data to assess water usage trends and investigate future scenarios and management interventions (March et al., 2017; Manouseli et al., 2019; Monks et al., 2019). Psychol. Overall, nearly half of the survey respondents indicated that they already had a water meter of some type (16% indicated that they were smart meters) and almost half that they would be willing to unconditionally accept a smart water event meter, if given the choice. The public in the UK is increasingly aware of smart meter technology, particularly through the metering of energy supplies (BEIS, 2020). To develop the independent variables used in the regression analysis, we referred to similar research studies, as summarized in Table 3 so that the model was based on theoretical insights from past research (Field, 2009). doi: 10.2166/wp.2019.078, Buchanan, K., Banks, N., Preston, I., and Russo, R. (2016). Other UK water companies and UK based studies have estimate a range of PCC reductions associated with smart water metering ranging from approximately 6% (Anglian Water, 2019) up to 20% (Ornaghi and Tonin, 2017). Climate change and global water resources: SRES emissions and socio-economic scenarios. Even within a household there can exist a mix of individuals with divergent values and an individual can see multiple aspects of the intercorrelated value perspectives as important and find it hard to prioritize one value over another (Bouman et al., 2018). Open governance: a new paradigm for understanding urban governance in an information age. Pulse output is available on most with a few rates to choose from on many. The British public's perception of the UK smart metering initiative: threats and opportunities. Brewery Uses Mag Meter to Improve Accuracy and Consistency. (2011). You will be redirected once the validation is complete. The higher likelihood of males choosing such a meter has not been found by previous studies (Chen and Sintov, 2016; Chen et al., 2017; Nasir et al., 2020; Fettermann et al., 2021), conversely, Belton and Lunn (2020) found females were more likely to respond positively to letters about smart meters. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. Biostatistics: A Foundation for Analysis in the Health Sciences. Environ. Win your day with Neptunesolutions tailored for your utility. Smart metering can be associated with reduced household water consumption that is maintained over time (Davies et al., 2014; March et al., 2017)although other studies (Fielding et al., 2013) have found that initial reductions in water use can dissipate. NPJ Clean Water. Multi-Jet water meters are the most common type of meters used in residential and commercial sub-metering applications. Different types of measuring technology: single jet, multi-jet, volumetric, ultrasonic, Woltmann and electromagnetic, Various communication options: wM-Bus (OMS), NB-IoT, LoRaWAN. The perspectives drew from research distinguishing four customer perspectives on drinking water (Brouwer et al., 2019; Koop et al., 2021): (A) aware & committed; (B) quality & health concerned; (C) egalitarian & solidary, and (D) down to earth & confident (Table 1). The effects of the universal metering programme on water consumption, welfare and equity. Measure critical parameters, including flow, temperature, pressure and quality, to gain a complete overview of your water system. For more than 100 years, we have built and maintained systems that deliver safe, reliable power and water to homes and businesses. Lancaster Institute for the Contemporary Arts (LICA), Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, Lancaster University, United Kingdom. Future Gener. A synthetic view of acceptance and engagement with smart meters in the United States. Ipsos Mori (2018). Getting smarter about household energy: the who and what of demand for smart meters. This product is certified by Amazon to work with Alexa. Predict consumption patterns to better prepare for increased need or reduced supply. Front. Funding for this work was provided by Creative EC. Understanding and beliefs about smart energy technology. Moreover, having a smart meter installed may help contribute toward nurturing higher levels of customer satisfaction (Beal and Flynn, 2015; Monks et al., 2019, 2021). Smart water meters work by utilizing an IoT-enabled sensor that measures water usage and ambient temperature in the system, updating at regular intervals. The ally smart water meter allows utilities to turn service on, off and reduce flow remotely and receive data on demand over the FlexNet communication network. Available online at: https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/articles/understandingtownsinenglandandwalespopulationanddemographicanalysis/2021-02-24 (accessed July 2, 2021). Urban growth, climate change, and freshwater availability. Next, respondents were asked questions that explored perspectives relating to privacy, security, costs, and reliability of smart water event meters. A., Stewart, R. A., Panuwatwanich, K., and Beal, C. (2013). doi: 10.3390/w11040838, Monks, I. R., Stewart, R. A., Sahin, O., Keller, R. J., and Prevos, P. (2021). The respondents' level of satisfaction with their water service was not predictive of unconditional SWEM acceptance, therefore, lower levels of satisfaction with a water service provider may not necessarily be a barrier to promoting wider uptake of water meters. The remaining sections of this article describe our methodology, results, discussion, and conclusions. (2012). Georgiev, A., and Schlgl, S. (2018). This finding is in line with research on technology adoption that shows that people's likelihood of adopting new technology can be predicated on their positive attitudes toward technology generally (Ratchford and Barnhart, 2012), a finding also confirmed in smart energy meter research, where higher familiarity with the technology is linked to increased acceptance (Bugden and Stedman, 2019). J. Electr. 18, 137150. Available online at: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/937949/Response_to_the_NIA_final.pdf. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Received: 13 August 2021; Accepted: 18 January 2022; Published: 14 February 2022. Older age groups (50 years and over) were under-represented in the sample (36%) compared to the general population (44%). Emerging investigator series: disaggregating residential sector high-resolution smart water meter data into appliance end-uses with unsupervised machine learning. Hosting your software in a private or public cloud, we will provide utilitys with the tools and services they need to keep water flowing and keep billing and operations efficient and worry-free. Soc. Where the independent variable consisted of more than two categories, we used one-way ANOVA. Water meters are one of a number of possible demand management interventions aimed at supporting a decrease in domestic water consumption (Stavenhagen et al., 2018; Ornaghi and Tonin, 2021). J. Our Smart Water Solution address the most important challenges of modern water utilities: What do water utilities gain from Iskraemeco Smart Water Solutions? This article explores public perceptions of smart water meters that use Internet of Things (IoT) technology and machine learning to profile household water use events and anomalies. The popular Neptune T10 is of this type, but it does not offer a pulse output option. Asia Pac. These findings chime with previous research on public perceptions of both water meters and energy smart meters, highlighting the importance of installation cost, an expectation of reduced water bills (Krishnamurti et al., 2012; Ipsos Mori, 2018; Chawla et al., 2020) and the protection of personal data and privacy (Horne et al., 2015; Raimi and Carrico, 2016; Warkentin et al., 2017; Chawla et al., 2020). Installation should take approximately 30-60 minutes. The online survey was undertaken in July 2020 and the final sample consisted of 558 participants, which gave a sample size confidence interval of 95 and a 5% margin of error (Daniel and Cross, 2018) for representing the UK adult population. Final Water Resources Management Plan 2019 Section 8 - Appraisal of Demand Options. London: SAGE Publications Ltd. All rights reserved. Water will be off for approximately 15-20 minutes during installation. The first perspective focused on consumers' responsibility to consume water wisely and highlighted the role of water utilities in water distribution and production. Policymakers and water resources planners should continue to monitor public perceptions, implement urban experiments and cost-benefit analyses to better interpret the wider benefits of such technology for behavioral and educational interventions within a more digitized and increasingly data-centric water grid. Globally, water supplies are under increasing stress from growing populations, economic development, tightening environmental regulations and climate change (Arnell, 2004; McDonald et al., 2011; Boretti and Rosa, 2019). Advancing household water-use feedback to inform customer behaviour for sustainable urban water. The studies involving human participants were reviewed and approved by Cranfield University Research Ethics Committee. Res. Table 4. Through our exploratory analysis, the participants aligned with the water supply values perspective aware and committed did have a higher propensity for water saving and were more likely to say they would accept a meter if it was free, if they had control of the data, and if it saved them money. Eng. Technology, such as household smart meters measuring domestic water consumption, can play a role in demand management, yet a deeper understanding of public expectations and the practicalities of city-wide implementation is required. Functionalities: remote prepayment, meter reading, remote control. Here you can find discontinued products and useful documentation in the form of technical descriptions, data sheets, leaflets, and installation manuals for meters that are no longer being produced. From household and commercial water meters that provide information on the consumption to district water meters and sensors that provides valuable information on what goes on in the distribution network. Res. 55, 339346. Our services team is here for you every step of the way. The Effect of Metering on Water Consumption. Conserv. Sustainability. 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However, for wider uptake of smart meters, it is those that currently don't have any form of water meter that may need more convincing. Furthermore, consumers are concerned about reliability and automated control (Gao and Bai, 2014), for example, should the device accidentally (or unexpectedly) switch off or present inaccurate consumption data (Balta-Ozkan et al., 2013), and about giving utilities and third-party service providers access to data that may expose their daily habits (Tonyali et al., 2018). They will help us provide better service and a future that puts more choice and control in your hands. Discover more about the small businesses partnering with Amazon and Amazons commitment to empowering them. Table 1. Several of the independent variables made a significant, positive contribution to the outcome of unconditionally accepting a meter (Table 5). doi: 10.3390/en13030732, Chen, B., and Sintov, N. (2016). City of Lafayette1290 S. Public RoadLafayette, CO 80026, S. Boulder Road Multi-Modal Improvement Project. Advanced metering also supports the City of Lafayettes commitment to preserving and protecting the environment. Users gain a holistic view of their water system to increase visibility and encourage informed decision making. Birmingham: Ofwat. Minimized risks (costs, technology, human resources). ally also has pressure and temperature sensors and alarms available. Policy Note. This residential smart water meter features an integrated, three-state remote service valve for remote shut off, turn on and reduced flow. doi: 10.3390/su7044240, Chawla, Y., Kowalska-Pyzalska, A., and Oralhan, B. 9:582. doi: 10.3390/su9040582, McDonald, R. I., Green, P., Balk, D., Fekete, B. M., Revenga, C., Todd, M., et al. Technol. Privacy concerns alongside hopes for lower water bills and expectations for the protection of natural resources will be salient themes in future urban water management. Prefer to call?Customer Care representatives are available by phone MondayFriday, from 9am5pm CST. Electron. J. Hydroinform. Smart water meters use IoT-enabled sensors to remotely monitor water usage and identify leaks to reduce waste and lower operating costs. The Long Term Potential for Deep Reductions in Household Water Demand. Wiley. (2014). These technological initiatives can provide accurate and automatic monitoring and analyse higher resolution water consumption data than more traditional devices (Liu et al., 2015). We hypothesize that more environmentally-conscious people, and those who already make use of smart devices, will be more accepting of the technology (Spence et al., 2015), but that those with concerns about privacy (Horne et al., 2015; Georgiev and Schlgl, 2018) or increased costs will not (Chawla et al., 2020). (2020). Through our leadership, expertise and passion for partnership, we always think forward in pursuit of a brighter energy future; one that advances the performance of every customer, whilst creating lasting value for the communities they serve. MIS Q. Smart meter benefitsSmart meters are a common form of technology that transmit energy and water usage to the utility through a secure wireless network. Inform. Opt-out programEWEB has created an opt-out program for customers who do not want to upgrade their services. Homes keep getting smarter and smarter. Revealing unreported benefits of digital water metering: literature review and expert opinions. Available online at: https://www.waterfall-iws.com/, Daki, H., El Hannani, A., Aqqal, A., Haidine, A., and Dahbi, A. Where the ANOVA returned significant results, we used post-hoc tests (using Gabriel's procedure due to differences in sample sizesField, 2009) to expose the categories with significantly different means. Elsevier Ltd 12, 6874. For additional information about technical specifications, please refer to the product data sheet.

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