Short-term effect of kinesiology taping on pain, functional disability and lumbar proprioception in individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain: a double-blinded, randomized trial. How we test gear. Taping the quad with maximum tension, he explains, brings those muscle fibers together, essentially causing a contraction (which is what strengthens your muscles). Several explanations may explain our results. 2000;25(2):24550. In addition, in the previous studies, target positions for repositioning ranged from neutral lumbar spinal posture to target angles in pelvic tilting and lumbar flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation in patients with LBP [4, 6, 7]. The reasons for nonsignificant correlations between functional disability, pain, and both CE and AE at other angles are unclear. Eur Spine J. We may earn commission if you buy from a link. Castro-Sanchez AM, Lara-Palomo IC, Mataran-Penarrocha GA, Fernandez-Sanchez M, Sanchez-Labraca N, Arroyo-Morales M. Kinesio taping reduces disability and pain slightly in chronic nonspecific low back pain: a randomised trial. Proprioception is described as the joints sensation, position, and movement; also, the sense of force, effort, weight, and perceived timing associated with muscular contraction [2]. Kinesio Taping is not better than placebo in reducing pain and disability in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain: a randomized controlled trial. Three different target position was chosen. Halseth T, McChesney JW, DeBeliso M, Vaughn R, Lien J. There were no significant differences in pain (total score of pain (S/A), VAS and PPI), functional disability or RE (AE and CE) at the angles (45 and 60 flexion and 15 extension) between the groups at baseline (P>0.05). The participants were allowed to practice the test protocol once before the test. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. redness and itching, to KT; therefore, they were excluded from the study. The effects of impaired joint position sense on the development and progression of pain and structural damage in knee osteoarthritis. Considering the effects of KT on various aspect of pain (i.e., sensory, affective and evaluative dimensions of pain) [22], it seems that the MPQ could better show the effects of KT on pain after taping than other tools such as VAS alone or Numerical Rating Scale (NRS). The central part of the strips was applied before the ends by pressing and adhering, and all strips have crossed at the central point of the tape (Fig. Gear-obsessed editors choose every product we review. Pain in the low back, or lumbago, can be a very complicated problem. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2004;3(1):17. Maximum values in both inclinometers were recorded. All outcomes were collected in a biomechanics laboratory at the Tehran University of Medical Science. Jassi FJ, Del Antonio T, Moraes R, George SZ, Chaves TC. RE was defined as the constant error (CE) between the target position and the actual measured angles that CE indicates error towards a particular direction (positive or negative and the absolute error (AE) was the unsigned deviation from the target position, thus reflecting absolute repositioning error, irrespective of error direction. Also, all participants were unaware of their group. Brumagne S, Cordo P, Lysens R, Verschueren S, Swinnen S. The role of paraspinal muscle spindles in lumbosacral position sense in individuals with and without low back pain. O'Sullivan K, Verschueren S, Van Hoof W, Ertanir F, Martens L, Dankaerts W. Lumbar repositioning error in sitting: healthy controls versus people with sitting-related nonspecific chronic low back pain (flexion pattern). All variables were compared between the groups using independent sample t-tests. The authors declare that they have no competing interests. The purpose of the present study was to explore the short-term effect of KT on lumbar proprioception, pain, and functional disability in individuals with nonspecific CLBP. The study prospectively registered on 21.05.2018 at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20090301001722N20. Manage cookies/Do not sell my data we use in the preference centre. Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang A-G. Statistical power analyses using G* power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Cookies policy. One inclinometer was placed at T12-L1, and the other one located over the sacrum. 2nd ed. 2b). Physiotherapy. Annu Rev Neurosci. The participants were randomized into two groups: KT (n=15) and placebo group (n=15). 
Participants were also excluded if they presented signs of allergy to KT during a test conducted before the initial evaluation. Kase K, Jim W, Tsuyoshi K. Clinical therapeutic applications of the Kinesio taping method. 
2004;3(1):1. SA, NGH collected and prepared the data. This study was supported by the School of Rehabilitation at Tehran University of Medical Sciences. While it was used widely by professional athletes, physical therapists, and trainers alike, it didnt really go mainstream until the 2008 Summer Olympicsremember when volleyball player Kerri Walsh wore KT tape on her shoulder and subsequently won the gold medal? Better Breathing Can Improve Your Performance, Ashton Kutcher Takes on NYC Marathon for a Cause, A Kettlebell Workout for Upper Body Strength, NYC Triathlon Shortened for Athlete Safety. OR and SA were responsible for writing and redrafting the manuscript. In line with our findings, some studies showed that the levels of pain and disability significantly decreased after taping [18, 32,33,34], and some reported that KT is better than placebo taping in patients with CLBP [32, 34, 35]. 2011;47(2):23744. 
Its important to talk with your doctor about any injuries and address the root cause, especially before trying DIY-recovery methods. Clin Rehabil. 2017;103(2):1549. This content is imported from {embed-name}. Correspondence to After 3days of taping, the pain (total score of pain (S/A), VAS, and PPI) and functional disability scores significantly reduced in the KT group with large effect sizes (d>0.8), also PPI significantly decreased in the placebo group with a large effect size (P<0.05, d=0.8). However, KT is typically worn for 35days. General Muscle Pain: If youre experiencing general soreness or want more support for a muscle, a professional might place two strips (or cut one strip into a Y shape) to border the area, Lou says. PubMed However, there have been controversial results regarding the effect of KT on proprioception. Effects of functional taping compared with sham taping and minimal intervention on pain intensity and static postural control for patients with nonspecific chronic low back pain: a randomised clinical trial protocol. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the effect of KT on lumbar proprioception in patients with LBP. 
Some studies have shown improved proprioception through augmented cutaneous sensory stimulations provided by KT [14, 15], whereas others have found no changes in proprioception using KT [13, 16]. No feedback was given during testing. The actual range of Lumbar flexion was calculated by subtracting the records from S1 from the device placed over T12-L1 [23]. Arch Neurosci. The individuals were excluded if they had any of the following criteria: the history of pain radiating further than the buttock, sciatica or other radicular involvement, spinal surgery, nerve root compression, neurological deficits, rheumatic diseases, diabetes, mental disorders, pregnancy, lower extremity injuries, or neuromuscular diseases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). Kurt EE, Buyukturan O, Erdem HR, Tuncay F, Sezgin H. Short-term effects of kinesio tape on joint position sense, isokinetic measurements, and clinical parameters in patellofemoral pain syndrome. 
sell M, Sjlander P, Kerschbaumer H, Djupsjbacka M. Are lumbar repositioning errors larger among patients with chronic low back pain compared with asymptomatic subjects? The authors thank Dr. Hedayat Abbastabar for helping with data analysis and all participants. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. The study was conducted at the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. As the body ages, the spine undergoes compensatory changes to adjust with the rest of the body. A different method of KT with different tension may enhance lumbar proprioception in patients with CLBP. The tape typically lasts for three to five days, even if you shower or swim with it, and the constant wear is to re-educate the body to perform in a more optimal way. 
Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. 
Google Scholar. 2014;60(2):906. Short-term effect of kinesiology taping on pain, functional disability and lumbar proprioception in individuals with nonspecific chronic low back pain: a double-blinded, randomized trial, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-020-00349-y, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. Previous research suggests that spinal RE is the largest among individuals with higher disabilities. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 22.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA). J Sports Sci Med. Written informed consent was obtained from the participants for publication of their individual details and accompanying images in this manuscript. The tests were randomly performed, and each test was repeated three times with a 30s rest between each trial; then, the average of them was calculated for the analysis. Therefore, the lack of non-taping group and the effect of placebo taping may have affected the results of between-group comparison in this study. Rarely do issues involving inflammation or nerve damage cause low back pain, but research suggests that misalignments of the spine or hips could also contribute to bilateral low back pain. 2011;3(1):27. We may earn commission if you buy from a link. Burgess PR, Wei JY, Clark FJ, Simon J. 
2015;19(6):48290. Proske U, Gandevia SC. Felson DT, Gross KD, Nevitt MC, Yang M, Lane NE, Torner JC, et al. Knee Pain: One of the most common issues for runners, knee pain typically stems from imbalances or weak glutes. All measurements were recorded at baseline and 3days after taping. 2017;98(1):12036. Both errors were assessed before and after the intervention. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). Blinded investigator (investigator 1) conducted the data collection and analysis, and investigator 2 conducted enrolling participants and intervention to minimize potential sources of bias. 
Theoretically, both 75 and 100% of tension are used to support weak muscle or correction of joint position, 2550% for muscle activation in weak muscles positioned from the origin to the muscle insertion, 1525% for muscle inhibition caused by overuse or muscle overstretching placed from the insertion towards the muscle origin, and 015% for reduction of edema [12]. Kinesio taping for chronic low back pain: a systematic review. Application of Various Methods of Lumbar Kinesio Taping on Pain and Disability in Patients with Chronic Low Back Pain: Narrative Review. The participant wore only shorts to reduce sensory cues from clothing. Athletic tape is usually used to create support around a joint, he says, which actually restricts motion. Researchers Say You Dont Need Supplements, Move Fast to Get These Under-Desk Elliptical Deals, The Best Menstrual Cups for All-Day Protection, Chronic Stress Can Age Immune System, Study Says, The 6 Best Epilators for Silky-Smooth Skin. It resulted in a required sample size of 13 subjects in each group. The MPQ as a multidimensional tool is designed to assess sensory, affective, and evaluative dimensions of pain [20]. Progress in Motor Control: Springer; 2009. p. 31735. In the current study, lumbar proprioception was measured by repositioning error. It is challenging to measure proprioception because of its complex function. However, the difference between the groups was significant only for the total score of pain (S/A) 3days after taping and improved significantly more in the KT group than the placebo group with large effect size (P<0.05) (Table2). 
As the body ages, the spine undergoes compensatory changes to adjust with the rest of the body. 2006;87(9):11706. A systematic review with meta-analysis. What Does a High Resting Heart Rate Mean? A Guide to Treating Lower Back Pain For Runners, This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. It seems that applying placebo taping without tension even with one strip can create some physiological.In the current study, KT only reduced the total score of pain (S/A) in the KT group compared to the placebo group. In the placebo group, only PPI was significantly reduced after 3days of placebo taping without tension. Abbasi S, Rojhani-Shirazi Z, Shokri E. Garcia-Muro San Jose F. the effect of Kinesio taping on postural control in subjects with nonspecific chronic low back pain. Over time, that can cause even more damage. 2019;105(1):6575. Perhaps within other ranges, individuals show more proprioception deficits and/or improvements after KT. The proprioceptive senses: their roles in signaling body shape, body position and movement, and muscle force. Pain reduction after applying KT with tension may be due to lifting the skin and enhancing subcutaneous space and, as a result, reduced activation of pain receptors, also possibly activates descending inhibitory system. On the flip side, if someone has plantar fasciitis and is experiencing a lot of tightness in their calves, taping with limited tension can supposedly turn off the muscle so the person isnt receiving pain signals, Scantlebury explains. PubMed Four I-strips, including one vertical, one horizontal, and two at 45 angles to vertical strip, were attached with 1525% tension overlapping in a star shape over the point of maximum pain in the lumbar area. Some of those changes are for the good, but some of those changes can cause pain and problems in human function. Keeley J, Mayer TG, Cox R, Gatchel RJ, Smith J, Mooney V. Quantification of lumbar function. With that in mind, KT tape may sound like a miracle cure for running injuries, but you dont want to use it as a crutch. Lumpkin EA, Caterina MJ. Part of Nelson NL. And does it help? 2011;19(2):13542. and owner of Fit Club Physical Therapy and Sports Performance. Kinesio tape, on the other hand, can actually stretch up to 40 percent of its original length while retaining its elasticity, which is what allows it to provide support without hindering your bodys movements. 2005;14(2):18591. Chiropractic & Manual Therapies The tension of KT is described as one of the critical factors for successful implementation. J Athl Train. Motor control impairments in spinal posture and movement, as well as trunk muscle activation, have been reported among patients with nonspecific CLBP [6, 43]. Aytar A, Ozunlu N, Surenkok O, Baltac G, Oztop P, Karatas M. Initial effects of kinesio taping in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a randomized, double-blind study. Also, there were no significant differences (between-group or within-group) for lumbar RE (AE and CE) in the angles (45 and 60 flexion and 15 extension). Am J Sports Med. In the current study, we used the star shape of KT with 1525% tension because it was reported that the star shape of KT with 1525% tension significantly improved pain, disability, trunk muscle endurance, and trunk flexion range of motion in patients with nonspecific CLBP [4]. It indicates that KT can affect other aspects of pain (i.e., sensory, affective) that placebo taping could not affect. 2002;37(1):1924. Although placebo taping can reduce pain, the effect of KT is higher than placebo taping. By using this website, you agree to our Sullivan GM, Feinn R. Using effect sizeor why the P value is not enough. Now, kinesiology tape is ubiquitous in the athletic world. Abbasi S, Hadian MR, Olyaei GR, Ghotbi N, Bozorgmehr A, Rasouli O. For example: If someone gets surgery to repair their ACL, their quad will likely be weak. Arthritis Rheum. There are plenty of kinesiology tape options out there, and what you use tends to be a matter of personal preference. While holding the inclinometers, the participant was asked to bend forward and keep the knees straight. 
This study reproduced two different trunk positions from neutral to 45 and 60 flexion and one position from neutral to 15extension. 
Murray H. Effect of Kinesio taping on proprioception in the ankle. This leads to a constant tension on the muscles, ligaments, bones, and discs, making the back more prone to injury or re-injury.\r\rKT Tape provides support and relieves tension on affected muscles in the lower back, allowing muscles to relax and work in a more natural way without placing additional stress on other muscle groups. Kinesiology tape is, quite literally, tape that you (or, really, your physical therapist or doctor) apply to your muscles. Getting some education from a licensed professional is tremendously valuable.. Artioli DP, Bertolini GRF. 2007;445(7130):85865. For runners, there are a few common pain issues that kinesiology tape may help address. Also, only constant error of 15 extension showed a moderate correlation with disability (r=0.39, p=0.02). 1987;15(3):20713. Li Y, Yin Y, Jia G, Chen H, Yu L, Wu D. Effects of kinesiotape on pain and disability in individuals with chronic low back pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Based on our results, both KT and placebo taping can reduce pain in patients with CLBP, but the effects of KT are higher than placebo taping. Mechanisms of sensory transduction in the skin. It is known that proprioception is necessary for the control of human movement [1]. Article 2022 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. 
In neutral posture, muscle afferents could be considered as primary contributors to position sense because ligaments are under minimal tension [3, 5]. 
Some authors have hypothesized that cutaneous feedback supplied by KT could be increased. Signaling of kinesthetic information by peripheral sensory receptors. Why Do My Hands Swell While Running or Walking? Google Scholar. CHECK OUT THE NEW VERSION: http://bit.ly/yC37nY\r\rMost lower back pain stems from a combination of overuse, muscle strain, and injury to the muscles, ligaments, and discs that support the spine.\r\rOver time muscle strain can lead to an overall imbalance in the spinal structure. There are several studies investigated the effect of KT on pain and disability in individuals with LBP [17, 30, 31]; however, there is a large variability in a combination of KT with other therapies, such as exercise program, manual therapy, and traditional physical therapy. The current study aimed to examine the effect of KT application on lumbar proprioception, pain, and functional disability in individuals with nonspecific CLBP. The same landmarks and procedures that were defined for the flexion technique were used for measuring lumbar extension. Parreira PCS, Costa LCM, Takahashi R, Junior LCH, da Luz Junior MA, da Silva TM, et al. Kinesio taping applied to lumbar muscles influences clinical and electromyographic characteristics in chronic low back pain patients. 2012;4(3):27982. In this study, waterproof, adhesive tape (NST-05002, made in Korea) with a width of 5cm and a thickness of 0.5mm was used. Gear-obsessed editors choose every product we review. The SF-MPQ consists of three parts, including 15 descriptors of pain (11 from sensory categories, and 4 from affective categories), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and present pain intensity (PPI). These receptors have different roles depending on the range at a given joint; for example, previous studies have found that joint receptors to be activated near the end of the joint range, while muscle spindles provide afferent inputs throughout the physiologic ranges [3]. Physiol Rev. \r\rUse KT Tape to relieve pressure and pain, provide proprioceptive support, and increase circulation to promote the healing process. KT was applied with 1525% tension for 72h, and placebo taping was used without tension. Several studies have evaluated the effect of KT on proprioception in peripheral joints, especially knee and ankle in injured or non-injured individuals [11, 13,14,15] that are conflicting with our results. Each participant was positioned in 45 of lumbar flexion for 10s and was asked to remember the position because he or she would be asked to reproduce this position with closed eyes. Saur PM, Ensink FB, Frese K, Seeger D, Hildebrandt J. Lumbar range of motion: reliability and validity of the inclinometer technique in the clinical measurement of trunk flexibility. Based on the definition of nonspecific CLBP, the inclusion criteria were localized back pain between the 12th rib and the gluteal folds lasting more than 3 months. After 3 days, the taping was removed for both groups, and re-evaluation was performed by investigator 1. The datasets generated and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon request. For additional resources, please visit the KT Tape Forum. Privacy These angles were chosen because previous research indicated that participants with LBP have greater difficulties in reproducing 45 and 60 lumbar flexion and 15 lumbar extension than healthy ones [8, 26]. 
We tapped top experts in the field to get you answers. Chiropr Man Therap 28, 63 (2020). e2. This was determined using a power of 0.8, an alpha value of 0.5. 2019;33(4):596606. The potential mechanism by which KT improves proprioception is not yet understood. On the other hand, some studies found no significant decrease in pain or disability after the intervention [36, 37], and that the application of KT was not better than placebo taping for patients with CLBP [31, 33, 37], which is contradicted with our findings. In recent years, the use of a therapeutic tool called kinesiology tape (KT) has increasingly become popular to use for musculoskeletal disorders. The sample size calculation was performed using G*Power version 3.1.9.2 [27]. Therefore, future studies should compare different methods of taping with non-taping, also assess longer follow-ups in patients with CLBP.
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